Okokuqala, zombini ulwelo olusekwe kumanzi kunye ne-oyile-base-drilling lunezibonelelo kunye nokungonakali, kwaye ziqhelana neemeko ezahlukeneyo zestratigraphic.Ke ngoko, akukho sitramu siphezulu okanye singaphantsi, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukutsho ngokungqongqo ukuba yeyiphi indlela yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo.I-API kunye ne-IADC zihlela inkqubo ye-drilling fluid kwiindidi ezisithoba, iindidi ezisixhenxe zokuqala zisetyenziselwa amanzi, uhlobo lwesibhozo yi-oyile-based drilling fluid, kwaye uhlobo lokugqibela yigesi njengento esisiseko.Inkqubo engabonakaliyo, i-2, i-dispersive system, i-3, inkqubo yonyango ye-calcium, i-4, i-polymer system, i-5, i-low-solid system, i-6, i-saturated system ye-brine, i-7, inkqubo yokugqitywa kwamanzi, i-8, i-oyile-base-drilling fluid system, 9, umoya, inkungu, ugwebu kunye negesi inkqubo.
Ulwelo olusekwe emanzini lunenzuzo yexabiso eliphantsi, ukucwangciswa okulula, unyango kunye nokugcinwa, umthombo obanzi we-arhente yonyango, iintlobo ezininzi ezikhoyo zokukhethwa, ulawulo olulula lokusebenza, njl., kunye nefuthe elihle lokukhusela ioli kunye negesi. .I-oyile-base drilling fluid ibhekisa kwi-oyile njengolwelo oluqhubekayo lokomba.Kwangoo-1920s, i-oyile ekrwada yayisetyenziswa njengolwelo lokwemba ukunqanda nokunciphisa ukwenzeka kweemeko ezahlukeneyo ezinzima ekwembeni.Nangona kunjalo, kufunyanwa ekusebenzeni ukuba i-oyile ekrwada ineziphene zilandelayo: amandla amancinci okucheba, kunzima ukumisa i-barite, ilahleko enkulu yokuhluza, kunye neenxalenye eziguqukayo kwi-oyile ekrwada zinokubangela umlilo ngokulula.Ngenxa yoko, ngokuthe ngcembe iye yakhula yaba ziilwelo ezimbini zokomba ezikwisiseko se-oyile kunye nedizili njengesigaba esiqhubekayo--yonke i-oyile yokomba ulwelo kunye nolwelo lokugrumba lwe-oyile-e-oyile.Kwi-oyile iyonke yokugaya i-fluid, amanzi ayingxenye engenamsebenzi, umthamo wawo wamanzi akufanele udlule i-7%.Kwi-oyile-ladle yamanzi e-drilling fluid, amanzi asasazwa ngokulinganayo kwi-oyile ye-diesel njengenxalenye efunekayo, kwaye umthamo wamanzi wayo ngokubanzi ngu-10% ~ 60%.
Xa kuthelekiswa nolwelo lokomba olusekelwe kumanzi, lunakho ulwelo lwe-oyile-isiseko sokugaya ulwelo olunokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, ukuxhathisa ityuwa, ukungcoliseka kwekhalsiyam, ukuzinza kodonga lwe-borehole, ukuthanjiswa okuhle kunye nomonakalo we-hydrocarbon kwireservoir kuncinci kakhulu, kunye nezinye iingenelo, ngoku sele i-drill. iqondo lobushushu elinzima nzulu nzulu kakuhle, i-Angle ephezulu etenxileyo kwaye ethe tyaba Wells kunye neendlela ezibalulekileyo zokwakheka ezahlukeneyo ezintsonkothileyo, kwaye zingasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukubona ulwelo, ulwelo lokugqibezela ulwelo, ulwelo olusebenzayo kunye nentliziyo ye-fluid drive.Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso lolungiselelo lwe-oyile-base-drilling fluid liphezulu kakhulu kunelo le-water-base-drilling fluid, kwaye xa lisetyenziswa, lihlala libangele impembelelo embi kwindalo esingqongileyo kufutshane nesiza somthombo, kwaye isantya sokomba koomatshini sihlala sisezantsi. kunolwelo lokomba olusisiseko samanzi.Ezi zinto zingalunganga zinciphisa kakhulu ukusasazeka kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-oyile-base-drilling fluids.Ukuze kuphuculwe izinga lokugrumba, i-oyile ye-oyile ephantsi ye-gel yamanzi i-emulsion drilling fluid yayisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukusuka kwiminyaka yoo-1970.Ukuze kukhuselwe indalo esingqongileyo kunye nokuqhelana neemfuno zokomba olwandle, ukusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1980, i-emulsion yamanzi enetyhefu enetyhefu ye-emulsion yokumba ulwelo lwe-oyile yeminerali njengoko i-oyile yesiseko yayisaziwa ngokuthe ngcembe.Okwangoku, i-oil-drilling fluid isetyenziswe ngaphantsi, ngoko ke ngokuqhelekileyo, i-oyile-base-drilling fluid ibhekisela kumanzi okucoca i-emulsion yamanzi kunye neoli ye-diesel okanye i-oyile ye-mineral ephantsi (ioli emhlophe) njengento eqhubekayo. isigaba.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-09-2018